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Essential Research Databases

Types of Research

Primary Source In educational research, these sources most often take the form of empirical studies in which the creator was a direct witness or in some other way directly involved with the research. Look for the words like STUDY and/or METHOD in the article.

Secondary Source  A report about primary sources, secondary sources, or some combination of the two. Textbooks are categorized in this category. 

Theoretical Article A source that proposes a way of thinking about how a phenomenon operates and why it operates as it does. Example:  Piaget’s description of his Stages of Development.

Literature Review This is a review of scholarly literature. It involves the process of reading, analyzing, and evaluating scholarly articles on a topic and is synthesized through the writer’s lens.

Meta-analysis This is a method of piling a whole bunch of studies on a topic together and then using statistics to synthesize the results of the studies.  Break that word apart by meaning! Meta (Beyond) analysis

Quantitative research  One example of this type of empirical research is the experimental study that explores the relationship between two or more variables.

Anecdotal Evidence Evidence, which may be true and verifiable, but should be sparingly used because of the dangers of generalizing from an insufficient amount of evidence. This type of article has NOT been through a peer-reviewed process. 

Qualitative research Descriptive studies that explore the quality of relationships or situations fit into this category of empirical research. In this world, investigators may care about HOW things occur and the perspectives of the subjects they study. Data collected is mainly in the form of words or pictures and seldom involves numbers.  Ethnographic research and case studies are two examples.

Off Campus Access

You will be asked to supply your Saint Mary's user name and password to access subscription databases from off campus.  Problems?  Use our 24/7 chat or contact the Help Desk (507-457-7800 / helpdesk@smumn.edu) or the Library (507-457-1562 / lib@smumn.edu)